Learning from urban projects: why and how we should unlock the learning potential of urban development projects and programmes

In an earlier post I mentioned that I had been asked to put down some thoughts on learning from urban projects. The thoughts have now been published open source. Link to full text

Forbes Davidson (2022) Learning from urban projects: why and how we should unlock the learning potential of urban development projects and programmes, International Journal of Urban Sustainable Development, DOI: 10.1080/19463138.2022.2042305

The images below show how a project changes over time, but long term monitoring and evaluation and needed to learn the lessons.

Ismailia Hai el Salam 1982
Ismailia Hai el Salam same location 2007

For more information on the Ismailia projects see here for downloads and links , and here for a list of references. Photographs can be accessed here for early stages in the project and here for more recent images.

Here is the abstract:

Urban projects are developed partly to solve local problems but often have wider aims to influence policy and practise. However, there is very little long-term evaluation carried out, and few systematic efforts to link the experience gained in project development and implementation to wider learning and capacity building. I have written this opinion piece based on my experience both in practise in the public and private sectors and in teaching and research. The paper is divided into three parts. First, why urban projects and programmes are important for learning and capacity building. Second, how we learn from projects and the opportunities and barriers to learning. Third, how we could increase learning by explicitly including learning objectives in project planning and evaluation, strengthening links between practice and learning, and improving long-term access to project materials with learning potential.

I would appreciate any feedback and thoughts that you might have.

A small scale “capital investment project” supported by UN-Habitat in Kosovo to improve local conditions and build capacity in local communities and government. 2014

World Urban Forum 2014, Medellin – some reflections

 

Medellin 2014  informal barrio upgraded with improved transportation and art

Medellin 2014 informal barrio upgraded with improved transportation and art

I was asked to add some links to a posting I made at the end of the World Urban Forum (WUF)  in 2012 in Naples.  This was about an inspiring acceptance speech from the former mayor of Medellin, and my hope that the video would be available on YouTube.   Well it is (see the end of this post), and it also reminded me that neither had I updated the site nor commented on impressions from Medellin where the 2014 Urban Forum was held.

After some months the contents of individual presentations and sessions loose the paradigm changing impression that they leave you with at the time.  The impact of the snatched conversations, the bombardment of stalls, posters, videos, leaflets, books, DVDs and dongles fades.  The sessions of the development glitterati were interesting, but?  Apart from a refreshed network – what are you left with?

For me, the biggest impact was from the city itself and the transformations that had been achieved. To be left with inspiration rather than cynicism is a major plus.  The use of a high quality metro and bus rapid transit system linked by cable cars to informal areas on the surrounding hill sides is impressive.  The cleanliness of the system – platforms are dusted and polished – and the existence of a “metro culture” where users seem to use the facilities with respect gives food for thought.

 

The video that first impressed me?

 

The recent presentation in Medellin as part of  IHS alumni award ceremony:

 

More images of the transportation innovations linked to upgrading the informal areas of the city.   For further information, click the images:

 

For research on the impact of the Metrocables, see Dávila, Julio D. and Daste, D., 2011. Poverty, participation and aerial cable-cars: A case study of Medellín. In 12th Naerus Annual Conference, Madrid 2011. N-Aerus. Available at: https://www.bartlett.ucl.ac.uk/dpu/metrocables/dissemination/Davila-Daste-Naerus-2011.pdf

 

Capacity to plan and planning for capacity

Capacity Development

Capacity Development is about more than training. It looks at the context needed to support people in their working situation so that they become effective. It also depends on what capacity is needed. The role and nature of urban planning is constantly changing – the normal situation – so developing capacity for this new situation is difficult.

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Rotterdam Renewal: Mayor promotes co-creation

Co-creation

Rotterdam’s Mayor Ahmed Abu Taleb gave an inspiring talk at the graduation of the Urban Management and Development Masters programme at IHS, the Netherlands. The place was the Floating Pavilion, part of the city’s Climate Change Initiative. The participants of the course might have been focusing on getting their diploma’s, but the Mayor helped them on their way with some stimulating final lessons.
Co-creation is a popular concept in business management, but Abu Taleb promoted its use in city development. He spoke of his holding neighbourhood meetings where 9 out of 10 ideas typically come from local residents. He illustrated this with a story of two residents who had improved a run down house through a city scheme. In the scheme, a property in a difficult area is sold at a very low price on condition that it is thoroughly improved.
“I met two people who had an old house at a low price and had transformed it into a beautiful place. They turned their attention towards the public area. A piece of grass that was neglected by the community and government for a long time. They had an idea to transform that piece of land into a wonderful small park serving the neighbourhood. They used the opportunity of the presence of the Mayor to share ideas with me on the wall. I was really impressed ”
Having improved the property the residents used the Mayor’s visit to promote the transformation of an untended open space into an attractive and useable micro-park.

The Mayor simply said “please do it”, and offered €5,000 to get the work started .  He invited himself to a barbecue there in a years time. This, he said, would make sure that his service departments would also give support.
Why not offer to have his departments take over the project? It would take too long and loose the energy of the initiators.

Diversity to go

The second lesson, linked to the first, was on diversity.
In the Mayor’s words “I used to look for someone who fits in the team. Now I’m looking for people who are not fitting in the team, who ask different questions and have new ideas, other ideas. With this friction of ideas, new things are born. Don’t be afraid of diversity”.

A timely message in a city which has a very diverse population.
This is the second time I have been inspired by a mayor(or former mayor) in two weeks. The other was the former mayor of Medellin – see my post from the World Urban Forum in Naples.

Co-creation is a dynamic way to describe participation – with the emphasis on generating an outcome and not only on going through a process. A strong leadership from the mayor is very important in ensuring that local government is responsive and follows up on the energy that can be generated through participative planning. The alternative is letting the enthusiasm cool and turn to frustration.
Congratulations to the graduates of the IHS class of UMD 8. I hope they take these lessons home with them.

Planning in fashion

Planning is not often seen as fashionable, but things are changing.

Rotterdam is a city that has to try harder than many others to re-invent itself.     Rotterdam South , or Zuid is an area which scores high on most of the problem indicators.  Unemployment is high, incomes are low, and  integration of immigrant population is a priority.

One strategy is to promote knowledge-based employment, in particular to try to change the image of the city and attract “knowledge workers” and boost the “creative class”.     The ideas of Richard Florida are influential here.  Other actions include areas based planning approaches, improvement of communications and support of new entrepreneurs.  The city development corporation, OBR, local sub-municipalities  and housing corporations are important partners.

Infrastructure investment to improve access has been critical.  The Erasmus bridge have new access and visibility to disused docks.  Now a new pedestrian and cycle bridge has been  constructed to link the new high-rise developments of Willheminapier to Kattendrecht.  The area was once a red-light district of the city, but is now emerging as a trendy place with galleries and cafes.  Rotterdammers like to give new strategic infrastructure pithy names.  The smart underpass in the city centre linking shopping areas and the metro called the “Beurstraverse” was renamed the “Koopgoot” or “shopping gutter”.  The new bridge?  The Volkskrant newspaper says it has been renamed The “Hoerenloper”.  I will leave you to translate.

Holding festivals and cultural events is an important part of the city’s development strategy, though this is becoming more difficult with substantial subsidy cuts for the arts in the Netherlands.  A recent example was the  “Culture 24” programme to boost the new offerings of the city’s cultural venues.   I went to explore the cultural offerings and came across a new shop in the Afrikanderwijk, south of the river called “Damage Playground” showcasing clothing, art and audio and run by brothers originally from Cape Verde.  The shop/ gallery had a very high standard of products and presentation.  I was surprised to also find there  the mega-book on urbanization and planning,  “The Endless City” (2008).   To boost the local economy, I bought the book, a weighty tome (2.27 kilos) and rather pricey, but with some nice content and very good infographics.

Clothing, knowledge and planning.  An unusual combination, but an appropriate one.  If I can still afford it, I might go back for some clothes, to but a bit more fashion into planning.

 

Rotterdam new Central Station development

Rotterdam’s new Central station during construction in 2012.  The station renewal is a major strategic infrastructure project linking inner city renewal with high speed rail link to Amsterdam, Antwerp, Brussels, Paris and London.  The station is also linked by metro to The Hague via  Randstadt rail – using a former commuting rail line now linked by tunnel to Central Station.   The whole project is a fascinating example of integrated planning – linking the new housing (Vinex)  locations between Rotterdam and The Hague with the two cities.

Rotterdam new Central Station under construction 2012

Rotterdam

The Erasmus Bridge Rotterdam